Abstract
According to the Fire Statistics Yearbook of the National Fire Agency of the Republic of Korea, the total number of fires in 2018 was 42,338, which resulted in 2500 victims and amounted to property damages of approximately 560 billion KRW. The number of fires in buildings where wood was used as a finishing material was 28,013 (66%) in that period. To minimize human and property damage, composite materials were prepared by mixing wood particles with expandable graphite. The physical and thermal properties of the composite materials were investigated. It was observed that the expansion rate increased by 341.7% according to the expandable graphite content. Additionally, the total heat released and the thermal conductivity decreased from 38.63 to 2.5 MJ/m2 and from 24.62 to 7.8 W/m·K. The time to inactivity of white mouse in the smoke toxicity test was 14.9 min and exceeded the toxicity standard for flame retardant performance. The expandable graphite added to composite materials adopted worm-like shapes as a result of combustion, and it formed a fine lattice layer structure with 16–22 μm gaps that could reduce thermal conductivity. In addition, we can minimize the damage to people and property in the event of a fire.
Highlights
With the development of residential settings, wood has witnessed extensive application as a construction material
This study investigated the changes in the thermal conductivity of the composite following the expansion of expandable graphite after combustion
Study, aa cone cone calorimetry calorimetry experiment experiment was was conducted conducted for composites with graphite and wood particles
Summary
With the development of residential settings, wood has witnessed extensive application as a construction material. Several research and development activities have been undertaken to minimize the damage caused to wooden materials used for interior finishing. Wood fires still occur frequently in residential facilities and industrial sites, and recently, there has been an increase in human losses and material damage caused by such wood fires. To minimize the damage caused by wood fires, the use of heat and combustion resistant wood materials in the interior and exterior of buildings has been actively recommended. There has been much active research and development of composite materials that use flame retardant materials such as expandable graphite and carbon nanomaterials. Problems remain unsolved in terms of economic feasibility and application before these materials can be manufactured and used
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