Abstract
Deterioration of gears occurs by abrasive wear, pitting (surface fatigue) or severe adhesive wear (scuffing). The effects of the latter mode may be mitigated by the use of extreme pressure (EP) additives but these sometimes accentuate the risk of pitting-type failure. Accordingly, EP lubricants are not recommended for industrial gearing. The introduction of elastohydrodynamic lubrication theory has demonstrated that it is possible to operate gears without physical contact between the interacting tooth faces. Under conditions of pure rolling (at the pitch point) there is good agreement between theory and experiment, but when relative sliding occurs the measured film thickness is lower than calculated. A recently derived theory, taking into account the effect of the heating arising from relative sliding on the hydrodynamic film thickness, has been applied to a set of industrial gears, from which it is deduced that the effect on load-carrying capacity of the gear is not serious. The theory has also been applied to some results obtained on the Institution of Automobile Engineers lubricant-testing machine.
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