Abstract
Abstract. The recent developments of passive sensors techniques, that have been able to take advantage of the technological innovations related to sensors technical features, sensor calibration, the use of UAV systems (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle), the integration of image matching techniques and SfM (Structure from Motion) algorithms, enable to exploit both thermal and optical data in multi-disciplinary projects. This synergy boost the application of Infrared Thermography (IRT) to new application domains, since the capability to provide thematic information of the analysed objects benefits from the typical advantages of data georeferencing and metric accuracy, being able to compare results investigating different phenomena.This paper presents a research activity in terrestrial and aerial (UAV) applications, aimed at generating photogrammetric products with certified and controlled geometric and thematic accuracy even when the acquisitions of thermal data were not initially designed for the photogrammetric process. The basic principle investigated and pursued is the processing of a photogrammetric block of images, including thermal IR and optical imagery, using the same reference system, which allows the use of co-registration algorithms. Such approach enabled the generation of radiance maps, orthoimagery and 3D models embedding the thermal information of the investigated surfaces, also known as texture mapping; these geospatial dataset are particularly useful in the context of the built Heritage documentation, characterised by complex analyses challenges that a perfect fit for investigations based on interdisciplinary approaches.
Highlights
Thermal remote sensing, i.e. the acquisition, processing and interpretation of the data acquired primarily in the thermal infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum, is being exploited since decades in several application domains at different levels of detail
As will be reported in the paragraphs, the use of Infrared Thermography (IRT) has recently supported the evolution of close range survey techniques together with digital photogrammetry and terrestrial laser scanner (TLS), combining range and image based data as well that thermal for the complete documentation of the Cultural Heritage (CH), including archaeological sites (Cabrelles et al 2009)
When the surveyed object is rich of detectable features, this necessity is generally solved by measuring natural points clearly detectable in thermal images, contrarily employing markers made of materials characterised by a low emissivity which makes them appear colder compared to the surrounding ground (Hill et al 2020)
Summary
Thermal remote sensing, i.e. the acquisition, processing and interpretation of the data acquired primarily in the thermal infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum, is being exploited since decades in several application domains at different levels of detail. The paper is focused on the integration of optical and thermal data (by means of a rigorous photogrammetric approach), with the goal to enrich typical mapping products (e.g. orthoimagery and 3D models) with thermal information, allowing the extraction of added-value information supporting built heritage analyses. Through the integration of the information obtained using a multi-sensor solution, a methodological approach has been tested combining geometric and radiometric information in a single workflow, aimed at investigating the potential of thermography analysis both as a decision tool and as a synergistic element for the analysis and documentation of the territory and the built environment
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