Thermal and mechanical properties of bio-based plasticizers mixtures on poly (vinyl chloride)

Boussaha Bouchoul,Mohamed Tahar Benaniba,Valérie Massardier

doi:10.1590/0104-1428.14216

Abstract

The use of mixtures of nontoxic and biodegradable plasticizers coming from natural resources is a good way to replace conventional phthalates plasticizers. In this study, two secondary plasticizers of epoxidized sunflower oil (ESO) and epoxidized sunflower oil methyl ester (ESOME) were synthesized and have been used with two commercially available biobased plasticizers; isosorbide diesters (ISB) and acetyl tributyl citrate (ATBC) in order to produce flexible PVC. Different mixtures of these plasticizers have been introduced in PVC formulations. Thermal, mechanical and morphological properties have been studied by using discoloration, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA), tensile - strain and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Studies have shown that PVC plasticization and stabilization were improved by addition of plasticizers blends containing ISB, ATBC, ESO and ESOME. An increase in the content of ESO or ESOME improved thermal and mechanical properties, whereas ESOME/ATBC formulations exhibited the best properties.

Highlights

(vinyl chloride) (PVC) is very present in daily living of these new products as secondary plasticizers, mixed with applications due to its diverse properties and low cost[1,2]. isosorbide diesters (ISB) and acetyl tributyl citrate (ATBC) Its properties depend on the amount of different kinds of to plasticize PVC with 60 parts of plasticizers mixtures.additives such as plasticizers[3]
Peroxy acid is formed from the reaction of formic acid and hydrogen peroxide while, in a second stage, epoxidized sunflower oil is produced from the reaction between peracid and double bonds in the sunflower oil[19]
The peak in the spectrum of epoxidized sunflower oil methyl ester (ESOME) at 1739.92 cm-1 indicates the shifting of C=O absorption band and the characteristic ester band at 1027.80 cm-1, these results indicate that the functional group has been converted into –COOC– for the three ester functions[23,24]

Summary

Introduction

(vinyl chloride) (PVC) is very present in daily living of these new products as secondary plasticizers, mixed with applications due to its diverse properties and low cost[1,2]. isosorbide diesters (ISB) and acetyl tributyl citrate (ATBC) Its properties depend on the amount of different kinds of to plasticize PVC with 60 parts of plasticizers mixtures.additives such as plasticizers[3]. The plasticizer is a very The plasticization of PVC with ISB, as well as with its important additive of PVC; it can improve the flexibility of mixtures containing ESO and DEHP, has been studied in PVC without changing its chemical properties[3,4,5,6]. PVC is the axis of the present research to evaluate thermal, phthalates contaminate indoor environments, human food and are environmental contaminants. It has been reported by Bhakti et al.[3] that several phthalates and especially diethyl hexyl phthalate (DEHP) known as di-octyl phthalate (DOP) are suspected of having carcinogenic and toxic effects

Methods

Results

Conclusion