Abstract
Due to the reduction of fossil resources, the replacement of renewable energy sources such as solar energy has become mandatory. Solar energy does not contain pollution and widely available in all parts of the world, especially in warm regions. Our country (IRAN) is geographically located in a hot and dry region, and with more than 280 sunny days per year, one of the nonpower applications of solar energy is heating space and water consumption of the building using solar thermal energy. Solar water heaters can be used to heat the water used in buildings, which is the main purpose of this study. Water heating consumes an average of 20% to 30% of the total energy consumption in the residential building. Therefore, using solar water heaters annually can provide 70% of the energy needed for water heating. The system designed in this research is able to provide 75% of the hot water consumption needs. If an auxiliary heat source is used next to this system, all hot water needs of the building can be met throughout the year. In this case, as much as 237.3 kWh, energy will be saved from fossil energy sources.
Highlights
The annual energy consumption of the world currently is around 500 EJ [https://www.iea.org/]
Renewable resources account for 17.9% of total electricity generation, 16.1% related to large hydropower plants, 1% related to biomass, and 0.8% related to other renewable energy sources
If 75% of this energy is supplied by the solar system, the total amount of energy from the solar water heater system for a family of four people will be equal to 3395 kWh
Summary
The annual energy consumption of the world currently is around 500 EJ [https://www.iea.org/]. This amount of energy is equal to 16 TW power. 34.3% of this energy is supplied by oil, 25.1% by coal, 20.9% by natural gas, 13.2% by renewable energy, and 6.5% by nuclear energy. The annual electricity consumption in the world is about 18000 TWh, which is equivalent to 2 TW power [1,2,3]. Electricity generated by coil is 39.8%, by natural gas is 19.6%, renewable energy is 17.9%, nuclear energy is 15.7%, and by oil is 6.7%. Renewable resources account for 17.9% of total electricity generation, 16.1% related to large hydropower plants, 1% related to biomass, and 0.8% related to other renewable energy sources
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