Abstract
ABSTRACT: The fire poses a considerable risk to human safety and, therefore, fire protection is a solution that should be incorporated into the construction system of a building. Composite beams, when subjected to fire, lose strength and stiffness due to the degradation of the mechanical properties of their materials. This paper aims to perform the thermal analysis of steel and concrete composite beams in fire situation. The software ABAQUS Version 6.14 [1] was used to develop numerical methods, whose results were analyzed and compared with the values obtained by the simplified calculation method prescribed in ABNT NBR 14323:2013 [2]. Thereby, the thermal behavior of the composite cross-section and the influence of the material and the type of fire protection were analyzed. The results showed that, for a certain type of protection and size of the metallic profile, the temperatures given by the Brazilian Standard may differ substantially from those obtained by numerical simulation.
Highlights
The structural systems composed of composite elements of steel and concrete aim to make the most of the advantages of each of these materials and bring some advantages, such as material savings and ease of execution
The results of the analysis were divided into four stages: analysis of the thermal behavior of the composite beam cross-section, comparative thermal analysis (ABAQUS vs ABNT NBR 14323:2013), analysis of composite beams without fire protection coating material and analysis of composite beams with fire protection coating material
Thermal analyzes of composite steel and concrete beams were carried out using numerical modeling and the simplified calculation proposed by ABNT NBR 14323:2013 [2], with the main result being conclusions about the thermal behavior of the composite cross-section, in addition to the importance of considering fire protection coating
Summary
The structural systems composed of composite elements of steel and concrete aim to make the most of the advantages of each of these materials and bring some advantages, such as material savings and ease of execution. Composite steel and concrete beams emerged because of the use of steel beams underneath concrete slabs. The interaction between these two elements is guaranteed by metallic elements known as shear connectors. Composite beams, when exposed to high temperatures, during typical fire conditions, have reduced mechanical strength and stiffness, which can cause all or part of the construction to collapse. Active or passive protections were developed, making it possible, to safely vacate the places that are part of a building of interest.
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