Abstract

The energy consumption for space cooling is growing faster than for any other end use in buildings, more than tripling between 1990 and 2016. The efficient use of energy is important to reduce the consumption of electricity of conventional air conditioning. This chapter presents a thermal analysis of absorption and adsorption chillers for conditioning the airspace in a building, controlling the hot maximum temperature at the generator input with a modulating tempering valve (MTV) programmed in TRNSYS and Excel software. The energy performance of the system was maximized based on the tilt of the solar collector, storage tank specific volume, and input generator temperature. The results showed that 35 and 27 l/m2 of specific volume is a good choice for absorption and adsorption chiller without MTV, and 23 and 22 l/m2 were selected absorption and absorption chillers using the MTV at a fixed tilt angle of 7° of the solar collector and selecting a minimum temperature at the generator input of 111 and 109°C for absorption chiller without and with MTV, respectively, and 75°C for adsorption chiller without and with MTV. The use of MTV represented a significant reduction of the heater energy for both chillers, mainly for absorption chiller.

Highlights

  • The use of air conditioner and electric fans in buildings around the world is nearly 20% of the total electricity

  • When the tank temperature (T4, from Figure 5) remains on the range of operation, all flow rates go to the tank (m1 = m3 = 1261 kg/h and m2 = 0, from 1476.1 to1476.8 h); when it is higher than 95°C, m1 splits into m3 (m3 = m4) and m2 to keep T5 at 95°C, mixing a high temperature coming from stream 4 with stream 2 (T2 = T1)

  • 1.27 0.95 1.69 1.44 collector was more using the modulating tempering valve (MTV), the temperature of the storage tank was higher and this reduces the efficiency of the solar collector, it was a significant reduction on the QHEATER and WTOTAL for both chillers, mainly for absorption chiller, this represents almost a 54.16 and 33.68%, respectively, while 19.23 and 17.36% of reduction was for adsorption chiller

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Summary

Introduction

The use of air conditioner and electric fans in buildings around the world is nearly 20% of the total electricity. The refrigerant leaving the condenser flows through an expansion valve to reduce the pressure and goes to the evaporator; the refrigerant absorbs the heat of the room (QAIR CONDITIONING) vaporizes producing the cooling effect. The generated vapor goes to the absorber where it is absorbed by the poor solution of the absorbent coming from the generator, delivering heat (QCOOLING), which is dissipated to the ambient to keep the absorption process at a desirable temperature.

Description of the system
Basic equations
Parameters
Results
Selection of the activation temperature
Selection of the number of solar collectors and storage tank
Conclusion
Full Text
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