Abstract
Bone drilling is a common procedure in Medicine, mainly in traumatology and orthopedic procedure for fractures fixation and in reconstructive surgery. The success of this surgical procedure is dependent on many factors, namely, on heat generation control during the bone drilling. The main concern in bone drilling is the mechanical and thermal damage of the bone induced by inappropriate parameters such as drill speed and feed-rate during the drilling. This study focuses on the temperature generated during drilling of cortical bone tissue (bovine origin) and solid rigid polyurethane foams with similar mechanical properties to the human bone tissue. Different parameters such as drill speed, feed-rate and hole depth were tested. All results showed that improvement of the drilling parameters and the drill temperatures can be estimated. It was concluded that when the drill speed and feed-rate were higher, the bone temperature increase was lower. The obtained results of temperature in the drilling process of polyurethane foam blocks or bovine bone were compared with a good agreement in between both.
Highlights
Bone drilling is an essential step in many surgical procedures, such as bone fracture reconstruction with resource to metallic implants, predrilling for screws placement or insertion of external fixators, and other techniques in orthopedic surgery.[1,40] The success of such procedures is dependent upon the quality of the drilling§ Corresponding author.process and has the purpose of minimizing the associated injury to the surrounding tissue
The level of thermal damage to the living bone tissue is related to the magnitude of temperature elevation and the time to which the bone tissue is exposed to the damaging temperatures.[7,31,41]
This research demonstrated that the appropriate combinations of different drill parameters can produce temperatures far below the critical values
Summary
Bone drilling is an essential step in many surgical procedures, such as bone fracture reconstruction with resource to metallic implants, predrilling for screws placement or insertion of external fixators, and other techniques in orthopedic surgery.[1,40] The success of such procedures is dependent upon the quality of the drilling§ Corresponding author.process and has the purpose of minimizing the associated injury to the surrounding tissue. The use of thermocouples, which enable direct measurements or indirect estimating by infrared thermography. Thermocouple technology is well established, the results of the studies on its use are still not uniform.[8] One of the problems of this technology is its ability to detect local temperatures only. The present technology does not allow the production of an overall thermal profile or the measurement of heat that has leaked. This problem does not exist with infrared thermography, which is described as being more accurate and with a lower probability of error.[8,9] Whenever possible and so as to reach more accurate results, both methodologies must be used in association
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