Abstract

Researchers at University of Pavia, Italy review treatment options for electrical status epilepticus in sleep (ESES)/continuous spikes and waves during slow sleep (CSWS) and their comparative value.

Highlights

  • Researchers at University of Pavia, Italy review treatment options for electrical status epilepticus in sleep (ESES)/continuous spikes and waves during slow sleep (CSWS) and their comparative value

  • ESES/CSWS is an age-related, self-limiting disorder characterized by epilepsy with various seizure types, neuropsychological regression, and a typical EEG pattern of continuous epileptiform activity for more than 85% of non-rapid eye movement sleep

  • When the EEG pattern of ESES is refractory to AEDs, more aggressive therapeutic approaches are considered, but evidence of efficacy is dependent on uncontrolled studies and case reports

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Summary

Introduction

Researchers at University of Pavia, Italy review treatment options for electrical status epilepticus in sleep (ESES)/continuous spikes and waves during slow sleep (CSWS) and their comparative value. ESES/CSWS is an age-related, self-limiting disorder characterized by epilepsy with various seizure types, neuropsychological regression, and a typical EEG pattern of continuous epileptiform activity for more than 85% of non-rapid eye movement (non-REM) sleep. ESES/CSWS is rare, accounting for 0.2-0.5% of childhood epilepsies. The goal of treatment is to control clinical seizures and to improve neuropsychological functions and prevent potential cognitive deterioration.

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Conclusion
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