Abstract
The cancer stem cell hypothesis provides a useful framework with which to investigate the mechanisms of cancer initiation, progression, and treatment. Cells with stem cell-like properties have been implicated in tumor initiation, metastatic spread and disease evolution, as well therapeutic failure. While the roles of cancer stem cells continue to be defined, known stem cell signaling pathways and stem cell niche-regulated mechanisms of survival are emerging as targets to selectively eliminate cancer stem cells. In this chapter, these mechanisms and approaches for targeting cancer stem cells through these pathways will be discussed. Strategies will also be addressed for identifying novel pathways involved in cancer stem cell survival, and requirements for the clinical evaluation of cancer stem cell-targeted therapies. Keywords: Cancer stem cell; Self-renewal
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