Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are powerful sources for cell therapy in regenerative medicine due to their capacity for self-renewal, multilineage differentiation, and immune modulation. Placenta-derived stem cells (PDSCs) have been recently suggested as alternative sources of stem cells. However, comparative studies to decide the most suitable cells for cell-based therapeutics are largely lacking. This study attempted to compare the potential of PDSCs in the treatment of mice with acute hepatic failure (ALF). We isolated four types of PDSCs, including the fetus-derived chorionic villi MSCs (CV-MSCs), Wharton’s jelly umbilical cord MSCs (WJ-MSCs) and amnion MSCs (AE-MSCs), and the maternally derived decidua basalis MSCs (DB-MSCs). We found that all PDSCs showed similar biological properties, including morphology, specific surface antigen, proliferation, and multipotent differentiation potential (osteogenesis, adipogenesis and chondrogenesis). In addition, they also exhibited similar therapeutic potential in rescuing acetaminophen-induced ALF in mice, regardless of their origins. However, the fetus-derived CV-MSCs and WJ-MSCs exhibited the highest proliferative potential and the best improvement of survival rate in mice with ALF. Taken together, our data suggest that PDSCs, particularly CV-MSCs and WJ-MSCs, may have greater potential to be banked for clinical use.
Highlights
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been spotlighted as alternative sources for cell therapy in regenerative medicine because of their capacity for self-renewal and differentiation into a variety of target tissues, including hepatocyte, bone, fat, cartilage, muscle, and neurons [1,2,3,4,5]
We showed a male 46, XY karyotype in chorionic villi MSCs (CV-MSCs), Wharton’s jelly umbilical cord MSCs (WJ-MSCs) and AE-MSCs (Figures 1A-1C), but a normal female 46, XX karyotype in decidua basalis MSCs (DB-MSCs) (Figure 1D)
These data demonstrate that CV-MSCs, WJMSCs, and AE-MSCs were derived from the fetus, while DB-MSCs were of a maternal origin
Summary
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been spotlighted as alternative sources for cell therapy in regenerative medicine because of their capacity for self-renewal and differentiation into a variety of target tissues, including hepatocyte, bone, fat, cartilage, muscle, and neurons [1,2,3,4,5]. Facilitated by the ease of preparation and immunologic privilege, MSCs are emerging as an extremely promising therapeutic agent for tissue regeneration [6,7]. As the “gold standard” cell source for MSC-based therapies, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have been most widely used in translational medicine among all stem cell proposals [8,9,10]. Searching for alternative MSC sources and inducing differentiation in a tissue-specific manner may endow a great promise in regenerative medicine
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