Abstract
Dormant cancer stem cells (CSCs) are generated during primary cancer, metastasis, and in response to therapies or host immunologic responses. Dormancy determines the time gap between the organotropism of invasive CSCs and the occurrence of macrometastasis. Dormancy arms CSCs to evade the immune system and therapeutic agents while supporting their survival and tumor recurrence in defined metastatic sites. This review discussed the molecular mechanisms involved in cancer dormancy and then presented potent treatments targeting quiescence in CSCs according to their environmental dynamics for improving cancer therapy outcomes.
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