Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have emerged as a promising therapeutic approach for diverse diseases and injuries. The biological and clinical advantages of human fetal MSCs (hfMSCs) have recently been reported. In terms of promising therapeutic approaches for diverse diseases and injuries, hfMSCs have gained prominence as healing tools for clinical therapies. Therefore, this review assesses not the only biological advantages of hfMSCs for healing human diseases and regeneration, but also the research evidence for the engraftment and immunomodulation of hfMSCs based on their sources and biological components. Of particular clinical relevance, the present review also suggests the potential therapeutic feasibilities of hfMSCs for musculoskeletal disorders, including osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, and osteogenesis imperfecta.
Highlights
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have promising therapeutic applications as they are known to promote tissue regeneration [1]
The current review highlights the potential application of human fetal MSCs (hfMSCs) in the handling of musculoskeletal disorders
Even though hfMSCs are relatively new in the field of MSCs, they have gained prominence due to their therapeutic potential and their enhanced multipotency, proliferation, and differentiation capacity compared to adult MSCs
Summary
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have promising therapeutic applications as they are known to promote tissue regeneration [1]. HfMSCs have been isolated from various tissues and organs, including fetal blood [13,14], bone marrow, liver [13,18], lung [18,19], pancreas [20,21], dermis [22], thymus [23], placenta and amniotic fluid [8,10,24,25,26], and calvaria All these hfMSCs from different sources showed common MSC marker expression but had unique phenotypes.
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