Therapeutic monitoring of serum digoxin for patients with heart failure using a rapid LC-MS/MS method

Abstract

Objective Here we develop a liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the determination of digoxin in serum. Design and methods The serum samples were extracted with methyl tert-butyl ether using an isotope-labeled digoxin-d3 as internal standard. The analyte was separated on a reverse phase Capcell C18 column and detected in positive electrospray ionization multiple reaction monitoring mass spectrometry. Results The chromatographic analysis was carried out within 3 min, but the complete analysis took longer because of the liquid–liquid extraction. The lower limit of quantification was 0.1 ng/mL for digoxin. The intra- and inter-batch precisions were less than 12%, and the bias ranged from − 9.1% to 10.7%. The external quality assessment (EQA) results obtained with the LC-MS/MS method were comparable to target values. Subsequently, this method has been applied to the therapeutic monitoring of digoxin in a clinical setting. Conclusion In this study, we have developed a rapid and reliable LC-MS/MS method for the therapeutic monitoring of digoxin in human serum.