Therapeutic implication of Pleurotus ostreatus on microRNAs expression in acute myeloid leukemia: A systematic review

Abstract

Until now, the modality of choice for patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is chemotherapy. However, chemotherapy has resulted in severe side effects, especially for AML patients aged over 60 years. In addition, cases of multidrug resistance (MDR) have been reported. Pleurotus ostreatus or oyster mushroom has been widely known to possess anticancer effects. The effect might be elicited by its active ingredients. On the other hand, miRNA as a therapeutic target is thought to interact with the active compounds of Pleurotus ostreatus, thus making it a potential complementary treatment for AML. This review was conducted to determine the effect of the active ingredients in Pleurotus ostreatus through their mechanism of action on certain miRNAs. The review was conducted using 49 literatures that have passed the quality assessment using the CRAAP criteria and the JBI checklist. The literature search was carried out using 4 databases, including PubMed, Research Gate, ProQuest, and Science Direct. The systematic review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. The results of the systematic review were synthesized in a narrative review without using statistical tests. In summary, at the molecular level, the active compounds in Pleurotus ostreatus can regulate several miRNAs that affect the proliferation and apoptosis of leukemia cells. In the future, it is necessary to carry out molecular and clinical analysis regarding the relationship between the active compounds of Pleurotus ostreatus and the expression of AML-related miRNAs.