Abstract
ABSTRACT : To record the prevalence of macro-minerals deficiency in buffaloes, a survey was conducted in certain parts of Northern India. The prevalence of soil Ca, P, Mg, Na, P and K deficiency was 21.35%, 23.30%, 28.64%, 3.61% and 6.84%, respectively while that of fodder Ca, P, Mg, Na and K deficiency was 13.88%, 16.55%, 19.72%, 3.54% and 4.86%, respectively. The overall prevalence of serum (buffalo) Ca, P, Mg, Na and K deficiency in certain parts of northern India was 25.48%, 24.66%, 24.36%, 4.42% and 3.28%, respectively. The correlation coefficient of Ca, P, Mg, Na and K in soil, fodder and serum was significant and in most of the cases the values were above 0.6. The highest deficiency of macro-minerals i.e. Ca, P, Mg, Na and K was found in plain regions, followed by Tarai (foot hill of Himalayas) region and finally the hilly region. For therapeutic studies, three types of mineral mixture were prepared according to deficiency obtained and fed to three groups of deficient animals. Observations were recorded on 0, 30, 60 and 75 day. In group A animals normal mineral mixture was provided, where as in group C and D 10% and 25% more of Ca, P, Mg were provided, respectively. There was an increase in body weight, milk yield, haemoglobin concentration, and total erythrocyte count. Alanine aminotransferase, aspartate amino transferase in group D animals. There was a decrease in heart rate, respiratory rate and alkaline phosphatase in group D animal after mineral supplement. Thus showing the efficacy when supplements 3 provided to group D animals.
Highlights
The population of India has crossed over one billion mark on 2000
Low animal productivity may occur as a result of complex climatic social and economic problems but under nutrition is a common factor and marked responses in growth and reproduction have been observed from mineral supplementation
The highest phosphorus concentration in the serum of buffaloes was in Nainital (5.61±0.22 mg/dl) and the lowest was in Bareilly
Summary
The population of India has crossed over one billion mark on 2000. With this huge population there is a need to increase the crop production as well as animal food products. Low animal productivity may occur as a result of complex climatic social and economic problems but under nutrition is a common factor and marked responses in growth and reproduction have been observed from mineral supplementation. Nutrient availability to plants depends on the concentration, content and activity of each nutrient in the soil. The concentrations of mineral elements in plants are dependent on the interaction of a number of factors including soil, plant species, stages of maturity, yield, pasture management and climate. There is a difference of minerals content in soil between hill region and plain land. The deficiency symptoms of these two areas are quite different
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