Therapeutic Efficacy and Complications of Automated Peritoneal Dialyzer in Dogs with Renal Failure

Abstract

Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a treatment for renal failure and acute poisoning, and uses the patients peritoneum in the abdomen as a membrane across which fluids and dissolved substances are exchanged from the blood. In this study, we evaluated the therapeutic efficacy and complications of automated peritoneal dialyzer (APD) in dogs with renal failure. PD was performed in 10 dogs using a swan neck catheter (Neonatal, Coviden) and automatic APD. The efficacy for each dog was assessed by calculating urea reduction ratio (URR) and creatinine reduction ratio (CRR). Mean concentrations of pre-dialysis creatinine and blood urea (BUN) were 7.09 ± 3.84 and 145.8 ± 48.5, respectively. The mean number of peritoneal dialysis cycles applied was 6 ± 1 cycles. Peritoneal dialysis resulted in a significant decrease in BUN concentration in 7/10 dogs, while a significant decrease in creatinine concentration in 9/10 dogs. The mean of URR was higher than that of CRR (0.39 ± 0.16 vs 0.38 ± 0.13). The mean CRR and URR per dialysis cycles were 0.064 ± 0.023 and 0.065 ± 0.023, respectively. Complications found in this study were catheter occlusion, subcutaneous dialysate leakage, septic peritonitis, hypoalbuminemia and overhydration. This study found PD using a swan neck catheter and APD machine showed acceptable efficacy for successful peritoneal dialysis in dogs. However, close monitoring is required to minimize the risk of complication.