Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide in terms of both its rates of incidence and mortality. Due to serious side effects associated with conventional chemotherapeutic treatments, many natural products with fewer adverse side effects have been considered as potential treatment options. In fact, many natural products have widely been used in various phases of clinical trials for CRC, as well as in in vitro and in vivo preclinical studies. Curcumin (CUR) and resveratrol (RES) are classified as natural polyphenolic compounds that have been demonstrated to have anticancer activity against CRC and are associated with minimal side effects. By regulating select target genes involved in several key signaling pathways in CRC, in particular, the Wnt β-catenin signaling cascade, the course of CRC may be positively altered. In the current review, we focused on the therapeutic effects of CUR and RES in CRC as they pertain to modulation of the Wnt β-catenin signaling pathway.
Highlights
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide in terms of both its rates of incidence and mortality, which are increasing every year [1].ere are various conventional therapies for the treatment of patients with CRC, which include surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy
Curcumin (CUR) is a natural product derived from the rhizome of Curcuma longa with proven efficacy to treat a number of diseases and exhibiting minimal side effects [7, 8]
The nuclear translocation levels of β-catenin were reduced in a concentration-dependent manner. ese authors concluded that CUR negatively regulated transcription factors promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in CRC cells by decreasing CDX2 promoter DNA methylation and suppressing the CDX2/ Wnt3a/β-catenin signaling pathway [97]. In contrast with these results, the anti-inflammatory effects of CUR were evaluated by Ahmed et al in an animal model of colitis induced by Citrobacter rodentium infection and were shown to promote cell survival and mucosal regeneration by restoring Wnt β-catenin signaling. ese investigators used a mouse model wherein a C. rodentium infection induced transmissible murine colonic hyperplasia (TMCH) and various degrees of inflammation
Summary
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide in terms of both its rates of incidence and mortality. Due to serious side effects associated with conventional chemotherapeutic treatments, many natural products with fewer adverse side effects have been considered as potential treatment options. Many natural products have widely been used in various phases of clinical trials for CRC, as well as in in vitro and in vivo preclinical studies. Curcumin (CUR) and resveratrol (RES) are classified as natural polyphenolic compounds that have been demonstrated to have anticancer activity against CRC and are associated with minimal side effects. By regulating select target genes involved in several key signaling pathways in CRC, in particular, the Wnt β-catenin signaling cascade, the course of CRC may be positively altered. We focused on the therapeutic effects of CUR and RES in CRC as they pertain to modulation of the Wnt β-catenin signaling pathway
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