Abstract
BackgroundThis study aimed to evaluate the effects of add-on Yang-Xue-Qing-Nao granules (YXQN) on sleep dysfunction in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD).MethodsPD participants fitted with an actigraph took either YXQN or placebo granules in a randomized manner for 12 weeks while maintaining other anti-parkinsonism medications (e.g., dopaminergic agent, dopamine agonist) unchanged. Additional participants without sleep disturbance or PD served as controls. The changes in detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) of physical activity with respect to diurnal activity (DA), evening activity (EA), nocturnal activity (NA), Parkinson’s disease sleep scale (PDSS) score and unified Parkinson’s disease rating scale (UPDRS) score were evaluated every 4 weeks during the 12-week YXQN intervention period and again at week 16.ResultsA total of 61 (placebo group, n = 30; YXQN group, n = 31) idiopathic PD participants with sleep dysfunction (mean age ± standard deviation, 63.4 ± 8.6 years; mean duration of illness, 5.8 ± 6.6 years) completed the study. Significant improvements in EA (p = 0.033, 0.037 and 0.029), DA (p = 0.041, 0.038 and 0.027) and PDSS score (p = 0.034, 0.028 and 0.029) were observed in the YXQN group at weeks 8 and 12, and maintained until week 16, respectively.ConclusionYXQN improved the DFA parameters, and PDSS and UPDRS scores in PD participants.
Highlights
A high incidence of sleep dysfunction has been reported in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) [1,2,3], especially in patients receiving dopaminergic agent treatment [3,4]
As a Chinese medicine (CM) compound for treating headache and dizziness associated with serious sleep disturbances, Yang-Xue-QinNao granules (YXQN) attenuate cerebral microcirculatory disturbances during ischemia-reperfusion injury in vivo [15], which might improve the sleep dysfunction in PD patients
Five PD participants in the Yang-Xue-Qing-Nao granules (YXQN) group withdrew from the study for drug-related reasons: two participants experienced nausea and three were unable to tolerate the bitter taste of YXQN
Summary
A high incidence of sleep dysfunction has been reported in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) [1,2,3], especially in patients receiving dopaminergic agent treatment [3,4]. PD patients with significant sleep dysfunction may indicate early progressive degeneration of the sleep centers [5]. Chinese medicine (CM) preparations have shown beneficial effects on aging-related symptoms [6,7] and chronic diseases, such as PD [8,9,10,11,12,13], including improved nocturnal sleep disorder in PD patients [14]. As a CM compound for treating headache and dizziness associated with serious sleep disturbances, Yang-Xue-QinNao granules (YXQN) attenuate cerebral microcirculatory disturbances during ischemia-reperfusion injury in vivo [15], which might improve the sleep dysfunction in PD patients. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of add-on Yang-Xue-Qing-Nao granules (YXQN) on sleep dysfunction in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD)
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