Abstract
目的 探讨大容量全肺灌洗(WLL)治疗尘肺并发慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)的治疗效果.方法 选择2012年行WLL治疗的尘肺并发COPD患者357例,术前充分抗炎、解痉、祛痰治疗；术中保障麻醉平稳、应用代谢快、无蓄积的麻醉药物；采用高频、低通气量通气方式、压力控制或PRVC模式呼吸管理；严格掌握第二肺灌洗条件、停止麻醉条件及拔管条件.监测手术时间、术中气道压、术中术后不良反应及术后症状改善情况,并与50例无并发COPD WLL治疗患者比较.结果 尘肺并发COPD组患者WLL后胸闷、气短、咳嗽咳痰的改善率分别为81.8％(270/330)、85.9％(244/284)、78.7％(207/263).并发中、重度COPD组单肺分期灌洗率明显高于无COPD组及并发轻度COPD组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01)；并发中度COPD组单肺灌洗率明显高于并发重度COPD组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).并发轻、中、重度COPD组支气管痉挛发生率明显高于无COPD组,并发轻、中度COPD组支气管痉挛发生率明显低于并发重度COPD组,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01).并发中、重度COPD组低氧血症发生率、术后窦速发生率明显高于无COPD组,中度COPD组低氧血症发生率明显低于并发重度COPD组低,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论 WLL对治疗尘肺并发COPD安全有效。
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