Abstract
BACKGROUND: According to the American Nurses Association (2001), nursing is committed to the provision of comfort and the prevention of pain. There are many pain competency guidelines ranging from competent to expert. Caritas and Mindfulness practices guide the exploration of developing minimal pain competency standards including comfort and therapeutic behaviors. Caring for people in pain requires not only technical skills and knowledge of pain and medication, but also therapeutic-use-to others and self.
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