Abstract
Aneurysm embolization with coil is now widely used clinically. However, the recurrence of aneurysms after embolization has always plagued neurosurgeons because the endothelial layer of the aneurysm neck loses its integrity after being embolized by coil. Bone marrow–derived endothelial progenitor cells (BM-EPCs) could be incorporated into injured endothelium and differentiate into mature endothelial cells during vascular repairing processes. The aim of our study is to explore the effects of BM-EPCs on aneurysm repairing and remodeling in a rat embolization model of abdominal aortic aneurysm. BM-EPC proliferation, migration and tube formation were not affected by super-paramagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle (SPIO) labeling compared to the controls (p>0.05). The number of SPIO-labeled cells greatly increased in EPC transplanted rats compared to that of phosphate buffered saline treated rats. SPIO-labeled EPC (SPIO-EPC) are mainly located in the aneurysm neck and surrounded by fibrous tissue. A histology study showed that the aneurysm orifice was closed with neointima and the aneurysm was filled with newly formed fibrous tissue. The SPIO-EPC accumulated in the aneurysm neck, which accelerated focal fibrous tissue remodeling, suggesting that BM-EPCs play a crucial role in repairing and remodeling the aneurysm neck orifice.
Highlights
We explore whether SPIOlabeled bone marrow-derived EPCs (BM-EPCs) can gather at the aneurysm neck and participate in and accelerate the aneurysm repairing and remodeling process
We demonstrated that bone marrow mononuclear cells manifested the best culture representation with a 1.42 mg/ml fibronectin coating
We demonstrated that EPCs could migrate towards the region of aneurysm embolization in the rat brain, suggesting that BM-EPCs are capable of participating in the repairing process
Summary
Intracranial aneurysms account for more than 80% of all nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage[1]. It has been demonstrated that the reconstruction process of the endothelial cell layer in the aneurysm neck orifice is an important step in vascular intimal repairing[8]. Previous vascular repairing and regeneration studies using EPCs usually focused on coronary and peripheral vasculature injury They showed a precise treatment efficacy and many prospective applications[9,10,11,12,13,14,15]. Bone marrow-derived EPCs (BM-EPCs) are involved in the aneurysm repairing process[19], it is unknown whether EPCs are involved in the repairing and reconstructing of the aneurysm neck orifice after embolization of intracranial aneurysms It is unknown whether increasing the number of circulating EPCs can accelerate the repairing process of the aneurysm neck endothelial lineage[20]. We explore whether SPIOlabeled BM-EPCs can gather at the aneurysm neck and participate in and accelerate the aneurysm repairing and remodeling process
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