Abstract

Tumour necrosis factor α (TNF) is a major product of activated macrophages which has a wide range of biological actions that have been implicated in a rumber of human diseases. This review presents the evidence that has been generated in animal models which suggests that TNF plays an important role in the pathology of septic shock, rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel diseases (Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis). Anti-TNF antibodies either reduce or block the onset of symptoms in these models which suggests that this class of antibody may have useful therapeutic effects. Recent results of human clinical trials with a mouse antibody, BAYX 1351, and two recombinant antibodies, cA2 and CDP571, are discussed which indicate that the promising results in animals may be duplicated in man.

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