Therapeutic Application of Metal-Organic Frameworks Composed of Copper, Cobalt, and Zinc: Their Anticancer Activity and Mechanism.

Ihn Han,Do Nam Lee,Seung Ah Choi

doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics14020378

Abstract

Effective penetration into cells, or binding to cell membranes is an essential property of an effective nanoparticle drug delivery system (DDS). Nanoparticles are generally internalized through active transport mechanisms such as apoptosis, and cargo can be released directly into the cytoplasm. A metal–organic framework (MOF) is a network structure consisting of metal clusters connected by organic linkers with high porosity; MOFs provide a desirable combination of structural features that can be adjusted with large cargo payloads, along with Cu, Co, and Zn-MOFs, which have the chemical stability required for water-soluble use. Bioactive MOFs containing copper, cobalt, and zinc were prepared by modifying previous methods as therapeutic drugs. Their structures were characterized via PXRD, single-crystal crystallographic analysis, and FT-IR. The degradability of MOFs was measured in media such as deionized water or DPBS by PXRD, SEM, and ICP-MS. Furthermore, we investigated the anticancer activity of MOFs against the cell lines SKOV3, U87MG, and LN229, as well as their biocompatibility with normal fibroblast cells. The results show that a nanoporous 3D Cu-MOF could potentially be a promising candidate for chemoprevention and chemotherapy.

Highlights

Received: 28 December 2021Cancer has become a large threat to human beings in recent decades [1]
A Cu(II)-based metal–organic framework (MOF) with a 1D channel was developed for anticancer chemotherapy on OS-732 osteosarcoma cells, and this study revealed that the Cu-MOF facilitated apoptosis of the cancer cells and caused reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation on cancer cells [42]
Three MOFs, 1−3, containing glu and bpa ligands coordinated to copper, cobalt, and zinc were synthesized by various modified methods shown in Scheme 1 and Table 1 [43,44,45]

Summary

Introduction

Received: 28 December 2021Cancer has become a large threat to human beings in recent decades [1]. In response to evolved cancers, more efficient treatments have been developed in the areas of surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and proton-beam, molecular-targeted, and immune therapies. Among these therapies, chemotherapy is the most common treatment and predominantly utilized to treat cancer [2,3,4,5,6,7]. Chemotherapy is the most common treatment and predominantly utilized to treat cancer [2,3,4,5,6,7] It sometimes exhibits severely undesirable side effects on normal cells, resulting in fatigue, eating disorders, vomiting, hair loss, etc. Organic micelles, liposomes, dendrimers, and metal nanoparticles have been introduced as new drug delivery systems, they have some intrinsic drawbacks derived from each delivery method [19,20,21]

Methods

Results

Conclusion