Abstract
Abstract A theory of the formation of Forbush decrease in a magnetic cloud is presented. It is found that the formation mechanism is the energy loss of cosmic rays in a magnetic cloud represented as a moving magnetic loop with a helical field. The Forbush decrease amplitude, the components of the vector, and tensor anisotropies are calculated along the path of the magnetic cloud passing Earth. It is shown that the Forbush decrease characteristics depend on the following magnetic cloud parameters: magnetic field strength, the helical field structure, velocity and the velocity gradient, and geometric dimensions. It is found that the Forbush decrease characteristics mainly depend on the magnetic field strength and the state of the global helical structure of the field.
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