Theory of research utilization enhancement: a model for occupational therapy.

Abstract

There is a pressing need for occupational therapists to provide research-based practice, yet there is little understanding of the specific strategies and processes individual practitioners use to integrate research evidence into their clinical practice. Using grounded theory method, the self-reported research utilization strategies of a sample of 11 elite occupational therapists practicing in adult stroke rehabilitation were examined. The triangulation of the interview data, the organizational policies of their workplaces, and existing theoretical concepts and processes of research utilization resulted in the development of a theory and a practice model to guide research utilization in occupational therapy. The Theory of Research Utilization Enhancement for Occupational Therapists, and the Model of Research Utilization in Occupational Therapy are presented, and their implications for practice, policy, education and future research are discussed. Built upon the Occupational Performance Process Model, the theory and model are proposed as guides to enhance therapists' ability to maintain a client-centred approach while informing clinical practices with research evidence. The application of structured reflection, case application and peer consultation facilitate the integration of research evidence into clinical practices.