Abstract
This chapter discusses the theory of probability. The most important applications of probability theory are in economics, genetics, thermodynamics, nuclear physics, information theory, and other highly technical sciences that require special backgrounds for an adequate understanding of their problems. However, most essential principles of the probability theory involved in such applications can be more simply illustrated in elementary experiments like the tossing of coins, or in common games of chance. In the game of dice, for instance, each of two cubical dice has its faces numbered from 1–6 by a corresponding number of spots, and when the dice come to rest after being rolled, the players add the two of these numbers faced upward.
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