Theory of power corrections to deep inelastic scattering in quantum chromodynamics (I). Q−2 effects

Abstract

For first and second moments of structure functions of electromagnetic and weak scattering Q−2 corrections (Q is the momentum transfer) are found by means of the operator product expansion method. Renormalizations of relevant operators of twist 4 are found to be small. Available data on scaling violation are discussed, and results are translated into the average value of a certain diquark operator over the nucleon. The naive quark picture with valence quarks only can not reproduce them, and some clusters of virtual quarks with dimensions about 1/3 of that the nucleon are predicted and identified naturally with constituent quarks.