Theory of gravitational lensing on a curved cosmic string

Abstract

It is discussed in detail the complete mathematical model of gravitational lensing on a single cosmic string (CS) of general shape and position with respect to the line of sight. CS are one-dimensional extended objects assuredly predicted by modern cosmology. The presence of CS changes the global geometry of the Universe, could clarify the properties of the early Universe, including inflation models, and could serve as a unique proof of higher-dimensional theories. Despite the fact that CS have not yet been reliable detected, there are several strong independent indications of the existence of the CS, based of CMB analysis and search of gravitational lens chains with special properties (The recent new indication of the existence of the CSs is the nHz gravitational waves in the NANOGrav and other PTA Collaborations data.) However, early considered models of straight CS presented only a small fraction of the general CS-configurations to be observed. Now we propose model which could significantly increase the possibilities of CS observational search. It is considered more realistic models have necessarily include the inclinations and bends of the CS. Besides, the recent analysis of observational data on the search for gravitational-lens candidates, shows a large number of pairs that could be explained by the complex geometry of the CS.