Theory of axially symmetric cusped focusing: numerical evaluation of a Bessoid integral by an adaptive contour algorithm

Abstract

A numerical procedure for the evaluation of the Bessoid canonical integral J({x,y}) is described. J({x,y}) is defined, for x and y real, by eq1 where J0() is a Bessel function of order zero. J({x,y}) plays an important role in the description of cusped focusing when there is axial symmetry present. It arises in the diffraction theory of aberrations, in the design of optical instruments and of highly directional microwave antennas and in the theory of image formation for high-resolution electron microscopes. The numerical procedure replaces the integration path along the real t axis with a more convenient contour in the complex t plane, thereby rendering the oscillatory integrand more amenable to numerical quadrature. The computations use a modified version of the CUSPINT computer code (Kirk et al 2000 Comput. Phys. Commun. at press), which evaluates the cuspoid canonical integrals and their first-order partial derivatives. Plots and tables of J({x,y}) and its zeros are presented for the grid -8.0≤x≤8.0 and -8.0≤y≤8.0. Some useful series expansions of J({x,y}) are also derived.