Abstract
Based on the theory of long distance interaction between antibodies and antigens we developed a theory of affinity maturation of antibodies that is based on longitudinale electric waves. Early stage antibodies show a wide frequency spectrum for antigens and are polyspecific. After affinity maturation the antibody shows a very narrow band spectrum, the antibodies become monospecific. The feedback between antibody and antibody producing cell is done via messenger molecules that are also communicating with help of longitudinal electric waves. These messenger molecules transfer information from antibody arms and are informing cells whether the epitopes are switched on or off. The folding of antibody is done via eigen frequency resonances.
Highlights
The adaptive immune system produces antibodies, if for example antigens of viruses or bacteria are detected
Based on the theory of long distance interaction between antibodies and antigens we developed a theory of affinity maturation of antibodies that is based on longitudinale electric waves
The feedback between antibody and antibody producing cell is done via messenger molecules that are communicating with help of longitudinal electric waves
Summary
The adaptive immune system produces antibodies, if for example antigens of viruses or bacteria are detected. At first polyspecific antibodies with low affinity are produced when the immune system recognizes the disease first time and step by step the antibodies become monospecific [1] and the affinity of the produced antibodies increases This process is defined as affinity maturation. Additional to this the structure of an antigen is not compatible to the structure of the antibody binding loops To solve this problem the principle of induced fit is developed for antibody-antigen interaction [3]. For a purely chemical interaction the binding/binning process between antibody and antigen must be in accordance with the law of mass action. We found binning kinetics that is in contrast to the law of mass action This was the reason for the development of our “Theory of long distance interaction between antibodies and antigens” [5]. A better understanding of the process of affinity maturation will give a chance to produce high affinity antibodies in a bioreactor
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