Abstract

The development of proteomics tools has facilitated investigation of cells and microorganisms at a systems level and allows for simultaneous measurements on many proteins and pathways. The data generated in a proteomics experiment can include the identification of proteins expressed under particular cellular or environmental conditions; changes in expression levels between strains or cell types; or protein localization, interactions, or posttranslational modifications. This information can provide insight on regulatory and functional pathways within the cell, and a better understanding of its operation as a whole. From a biotechnology perspective, proteomics data can be applied to identify protein targets to optimize yields of bioproducts and to monitor the effects of genetic manipulations or differences between strains. The two dominant separation techniques used in proteomics are liquid chromatography (LC) and gel electrophoresis, both of which rely on mass spectrometry (MS) for peptide and protein identification. With advances in MS technology and data handling, it is now feasible to have near-comprehensive determination of the set proteins expressed in the cell. In this article, we present the available proteomics technologies and their potential applications in biotechnology.

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