Theoretical study on the modulation characteristics of THz wave by two-dimensional black phosphorus

Abstract

Using the Delude model. we theoretically calculate the dispersion of conductivity with frequency in the orthogonal direction of the two-dimensional black phosphorus (2D BP) <i>x</i> and <i>y</i> direction in the THz band. We find that the conductivity in the <i>x</i> direction is more sensitive to the electron doping concentration. The difference between 2D BP conductivities in both directions leads to the difference in dielectric constant which in turn can modulate light in different polarization directions. Using 2D BP to polarize the THz wave, the 2D BP-SiO<sub>2</sub> periodic sandwich structure is designed. The three-dimensional electromagnetic field simulation software CST Microwave Studio can be used to calculate the regulation characteristics of this structure to THz wave. It is found that this structure has different polarization directions, and the incident THz wave has different absorption. By changing the thickness of the underlying SiO<sub>2</sub> layer in the structure it is found that the absorption rate of this structure also changes accordingly. When the polarization direction of the THz pulse is parallel to the <i>x</i> axis, the absorption rate first increases and then decreases. When <i>d</i><sub>5</sub> = 9.5 μm, the absorption rate reaches 93% near 3.86 THz; when the polarization direction of the THz pulse is parallel to the <i>y</i> axis, the absorption rate gradually increases. The absorption peak has a significant red shift.