Abstract
The performances of three types of solar collectors using various nanofluids are theoretically investigated; further, by varying the concentration of binary nanofluids comprising of two highly efficient nanofluids, the performances of the solar collectors are analytically examined. The results obtained demonstrate that MWCNT, CuO, and Fe3O4 nanofluids show a higher efficiency compared with other nanofluids. Both MWCNT/CuO and MWCNT/Fe3O4 binary nanofluids provide efficiency enhancements in the range 2–50 %, 3–7 %, and 2–4 %, respectively, in flat plate, vacuum U-tube, and heat pipe solar collectors, compared with a 0.05 vol% MWCNT nanofluid. The use of binary nanofluids enhances the efficiency of solar collectors, which further increases with the concentration of the binary nanofluids. Furthermore, when the MWCNT/CuO binary nanofluid shows a higher efficiency than the MWCNT/Fe3O4 binary nanofluid in three solar collectors.
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