Abstract
Abstract. The author proves that organic fertilizers, unlike the mineral ones, are capable of increasing yields over several years; they do not harm the environment and do not pollute the melon crop fields with nitrates. It has been clarified that their introduction is one of the most effective methods of humus conservation and soil fertility enhancement, which means obtaining fuller yields of high-quality melons and gourds. The NIIMESH researchers have developed a combined unit for local application of organic fertilizers for melons and gourds. (Research purpose) Conducting theoretical studies on the substantiation of the configuration of the working tools of a combined unit for local application of organic fertilizers. (Materials and methods) The author has conducted theoretical studies using methods of analytical geometry and theoretical mechanics. (Results and discussion) Analytical dependences have been obtained to determine transverse distances between furrow shapers used for applying organic fertilizers and making an irrigation groove, as well as longitudinal distances between the tractor's rear wheels and the furrow shapers applying organic fertilizers, between the furrow shapers and the fertilizer spreader, and between the fertilizer spreader and the furrow shaper making an irrigation furrow. (Conclusions) It has been determined that transverse distance between the working tools that make furrows for applying organic fertilizers should range between 0.9 and 1.3 metre, transverse distance between the working tools making an irrigation furrow and a furrow for the application of organic fertilizers is 0.45-0.65 metre. The optimal values of longitudinal distances have been found as well: between the tractor's rear wheels and the working tools making furrows for applying fertilizers – no less than 0.21 metre, between the tip of working tools and the fertilizer spreader – no less than 1.5 metre, and between the fertilizer spreader center and the tip of working tools making an irrigation furrow – at least 0.74 metre.
Highlights
The most effective way of increasing the output of melon cultivation is to increase the yield of melons and gourds by improving the agricultural technology of soil cultivating, developing new varieties, as well as improving soil fertility
Basing on the above-mentioned facts, our institute has developed a combined unit for local application of organic fertilizers for melons and gourds [3,4,5]
The configuration of the working tools of a combined unit is determined by the following parameters (Fig. 1): B1 – transverse distance between the working tools making furrows for applying organic fertilizers, m; B2 – transverse distance between the working tools for making an irrigation furrow and furrows for applying organic fertilizers, m; l1 – longitudinal distance between the tractor’s driving rear wheels and the working tools making furrows for applying organic fertilizers, m; l2 – longitudinal distance between the working tools making furrows for applying organic fertilizers and the fertilizer spreader, m; l3 – longitudinal distance between the fertilizer spreader and the working tools for making an irrigation furrow, m
Summary
The most effective way of increasing the output of melon cultivation is to increase the yield of melons and gourds by improving the agricultural technology of soil cultivating, developing new varieties, as well as improving soil fertility. As contrasted to mineral fertilizers, are capable of giving a yield increase over several years; they do not harm the environment and do not pollute melon fields with nitrates [1, 2]. The application of organic fertilizers in a semi-fusty and rotted form is one of the most effective methods of preserving humus and increasing soil fertility, and, obtaining more comprehensive yields of high-quality melons and gourds. Basing on the above-mentioned facts, our institute has developed a combined unit for local application of organic fertilizers for melons and gourds [3,4,5]. THE RESEARCH PURPOSE is to theoretically determine the configuration of working tools of a combined unit for local application of organic fertilizers
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