Abstract
Theoretical predictions, based on a unified arc-cathode theory, are made regarding the melting of the tips of thoriated tungsten cathodes for free burning arcs in argon. Theoretical results with cathode conical angles of 30 degrees , 45 degrees and 60 degrees are in fair agreement with experimental results. The current density, and thus the degree of melting, increases strongly with the sharpness of the cathode at its extreme tip. The effect of melting is to modify the sharpness of the tip so that, for 200 A arcs, the tip shape for conical angles of 60 degrees and less becomes approximately the same with a radius of curvature of approximately 0.25 mm.
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