Theoretical Study of the Elements Vibrations of the Diesel Shunting Locomotive Cabins

Abstract

The article is devoted to the creation of the high-capacity transport vehicles, in which the use of vibro-active organs is increasingly used, inevitably leads to the increase in the levels of vibration and noise that are harmful to locomotive crews, and in the operation of the transport vehicles in the dwellings and to the acoustic environment pollution. This problem is relevant for the rail vehicles. First of all, according to the EU, it is necessary to implement measures for extinguishing noise in the places where it occurs, i.e. from the movement of the rolling stock. In this direction, the domestic and foreign experts carried out certain research. However, the formation process of the vibro-acoustic characteristics has not been studied enough. It should also be noted that the theoretical research of the vibro-acoustic dynamics of the rolling stock and methods for calculating vibration and noise spectra are limited that makes it difficult to substantiate engineering solutions for reducing the intensity of the sound emission from dominant noise sources. It is considered in the negative effect of the high level noise on workers of the locomotive crews, machinists and the environment, it is necessary to create rail vehicles with appropriate vibro-acoustic characteristics that meet the requirements of the international standards. For the locomotive’s cab, the significant influence of the structural noise component is characteristic. Therefore, this article presents the results of the theoretical studies of vibro-acoustic characteristics of the locomotives’ cabins based on traditionally used method of the energy balance for plate structures. In addition, the system of equations observes the elements of the glazing of the cabins as a “weak link” of the supporting structure. The obtained results determine the expected sound pressure levels in the design of the cabins and compare them with the maximum permissible values. The values of the excesses in the according frequency ranges are the main information for choosing engineering solutions for reducing noise levels at the design stage of such machines.