Theoretical performance of Bragg gratings based on long-range surface plasmon-polariton waveguides

Abstract

A plasmon-polariton Bragg grating (PPBG) concept, based on the propagation of the long-range ss0b mode in structures comprising a thin metal film of finite width embedded in a homogeneous background dielectric, is discussed theoretically. The PPBGs are operated in an end-fire arrangement with access plasmon-polariton waveguides or optical fibers being directly butt-coupled to their input and output ports. A model for the PPBGs, which was recently proposed and validated experimentally for third order structures, is used to generate theoretical results describing their expected performance for various architectures. First order uniform periodic, interleaved, and apodized grating structures are considered and compared. Third order uniform periodic designs are also considered. The gratings investigated are based on a 20 nm thick Au film embedded in SiO2 and have a Bragg wavelength near 1550 nm. First order uniform periodic gratings provide the strongest reflection, with a maximum reflectance of about 97% being achievable over a length of a few millimeters and over a full width at half-maximum bandwidth of about 0.8 nm. The off-resonance insertion loss of the gratings can be as low as a few decibels. Specific Bragg wavelengths can easily be attained using interleaving without requiring extraordinary resolution from the fabrication process. Apodized designs providing low sidelobe levels are also investigated.