Abstract
Graphical Abstract
Highlights
In the global landscape of wind energy generation, all commercial-scale onshore and offshore wind farm projects comprise horizontal axis turbines (HATs) as a well established technology
The velocity scale obtained in our Gaussian model (16) differs from that proposed in Abkar & Dabiri (2017), as the latter assumed the velocity deficit at the wake onset to be that of HATs (Bastankhah & Porté-Agel, 2014), while our theoretical framework is derived considering the rectangular section of Vertical axis turbine (VAT) rotors
We present anew set of theoretical super-Gaussian and Gaussian models for vertical axis wind and hydrokinetic turbine (VAT) wakes that capture their intrinsic three-dimensional shape
Summary
In the global landscape of wind energy generation, all commercial-scale onshore and offshore wind farm projects comprise horizontal axis turbines (HATs) as a well established technology. Current theoretical VAT wake models do not account for the uneven wake expansion over the horizontal and vertical planes (Figure 1), and represent its shape with standard Gaussian functions (Abkar & Dabiri, 2017; Abkar, 2019) To overcome these limitations, a super-Gaussian shape enables a more physically realistic description of the VAT wake velocity field compared to top-hat models that assume a uniform value across the wake or Gaussian models that fail to reproduce the elliptical shape (Blondel & Cathelain, 2020). We present and validate two novel analytical models based on a new super-Gaussian function and an improved model that adopts a Gaussian function The former is suitable for VAT wakes as it enables us to represent the near wake with an almost top-hat distribution which evolves towards a nearly Gaussian shape in the far wake. We refer to either of these as VATs to generalise the models’ applicability
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