Abstract
The effective manipulation of mode oscillation and competition is of fundamental importance for controlling light emission in semiconductor lasers. Here we develop a rate equation model which considers the spatially modulated gain and spontaneous emission, which are inherently governed by the ripple of the vacuum electromagnetic field in a Fabry-Pérot (FP) microcavity. By manipulating the interplay between the spatial oscillation of the vacuum field and external optical injection via dual-beam laser interference, single longitudinal mode operation is observed in a FP-type microcavity with a side mode suppression ratio exceeding 40 dB. An exploration of this extended rate equation model bridges the gap between the classical model of multimode competition in semiconductor lasers and a quantum-optics understanding of radiative processes in microcavities.
Highlights
In the rapidly developing field of photonic integrated circuits and photonic signal processing, there is a general demand for small-size and high-efficiency light sources to enable dense integration [1, 2]
While the underlying mechanism for single mode operation is in general based on gain/loss modulation, it fundamentally differs from the previous cases, such as gain-coupled distributed feedback (DFB) lasers
We have proposed an extended rate equation model which considers the interplay between the vacuum electromagnetic field of standing waves and external optical injection via laser interference
Summary
In the rapidly developing field of photonic integrated circuits and photonic signal processing, there is a general demand for small-size and high-efficiency light sources to enable dense integration [1, 2]. The technical path leading to single mode operation has so far relied on the spatial modulation of the real and imaginary parts of the refractive index. While the underlying mechanism for single mode operation is in general based on gain/loss modulation, it fundamentally differs from the previous cases, such as gain-coupled DFB lasers. In the case of gain-coupled DFB lasers, the lasing wavelength is primarily dominated by the optical grating itself, i.e. the spatial variation of the semiconductor structure, whilst the variation of the imaginary part in the refractive index breaks the PT symmetry and enables single mode operation [4, 5]. In the case of optical interference pumping discussed in this work, the spatial variation of the imaginary part of the refractive index determines both the lasing wavelength and the single mode operation. The interaaction between thee vacuu um electromagneticc field of standing g waves in the FP cavity and the extternal injection viaa opticaal interference pattterning
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