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Abstract
Dark currents (due to direct tunneling process) and photo-response for both quantum well (QW) and quantum dot (QD) systems are calculated. A stabilization method (SM) is used to study the dynamic behavior and photo-response of an electron in an isolated QW, coupled QW or QD (with conical shape) under uniform electric field. A stabilization graph is obtained by plotting the eigenvalues of a QW or QD embedded in a confining box made of barrier material as functions of the size of the box. The eigenvalues of the system are calculated within the effective mass approximation via the Rayleigh–Ritz variational method. Density of states (DOSs) and time-dependent wave functions associated with the quasi-bound state are constructed via the SM. It is shown that the DOSs have a Lorentzian profile and the width of the Lorentzian profile gives the tunneling rate. The photo-response for QWs and conical QDs are studied and implications for device applications are discussed.
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