Theoretical Model of Suspended Sediment Concentration in a Flow with Submerged Vegetation

Da Li,Wenxin Huai,Zhonghua Yang,Zhaohua Sun,Jianhua Liu

doi:10.3390/w10111656

Abstract

Vegetation in natural river interacts with river flow and sediment transport. This paper proposes a two-layer theoretical model based on diffusion theory for predicting the vertical distribution of suspended sediment concentration in a flow with submerged vegetation. The suspended sediment concentration distribution formula is derived based on the sediment and momentum diffusion coefficients through the inverse of turbulent Schmidt number ( S c t ) or the parameter η which is defined by the ratio of sediment diffusion coefficient to momentum diffusion coefficient. The predicted profile of suspended sediment concentration moderately agrees with the experimental data. Sensitivity analyses are performed to elucidate how the vertical distribution profile responds to different canopy densities, hydraulic conditions and turbulent Schmidt number. Dense vegetation renders the vertical distribution profile uneven and captures sediment particles into the vegetation layer. For a given canopy density, the vertical distribution profile is affected by the Rouse number, which determines the uniformity of the sediment on the vertical line. A high Rouse number corresponds to an uneven vertical distribution profile.

Highlights

Vegetation is an important part of the river ecosystem
Vegetation provides a habitat for aquatic life and greatly influences the hydraulic conditions and morphology in a river ecosystem
Canopies in river channels alter the structure of the turbulent flow and the velocity profile

Summary

Introduction

Vegetation is an important part of the river ecosystem. It can exist in the middle channel, grow on the river bed, and populate both terraces and floodplains (Figure 1). Vegetation provides a habitat for aquatic life and greatly influences the hydraulic conditions and morphology in a river ecosystem. Canopies in river channels alter the structure of the turbulent flow and the velocity profile. The changing velocity profile affects the characteristics of sediment transport.

Methods

Results

Conclusion