Abstract
AbstractThe rich concentration of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase (CO) blobs in the V1 (striate) primate visual cortex has never been explained. Although the distribution of CO blobs provided a persuasive example of columnar structure in the V1, there are contradictions about the existence of hypercolumns. Since photoreceptors and other retinal cells process and convey basically external visible photonic signals, it suggests that one of the most important tasks of early visual areas is to represent these external visible color photonic signals during visual perception. This representation may occur essentially in CO-rich blobs of the V1. Here we suggest that the representation of external visible photon signals (i.e. visual representation) can be the most energetic allocation process in the brain, which is reasonably performed by the highest density neuron al V1 areas and mitochondrial-rich cytochrome oxidases. It is also raised that the functional unit for phosphene induction can be linked to small clusters of Co —rich blobs in V1. We present some implications about distinction between the physics of visible photons/ light and its subjective experiences. We also discuss that amodal and modal visual completions are possible due to the visual perception induced visualization when the brain tries to interpret the unseen parts of objects or represent features of perceived objects that are not actually visible. It is raised that continuously produced intrinsic bioluminescent photons from retinal lipid peroxidation may have functional role in initial development of retinogeniculate pathways as well as initial appearance topographic organizations of V1 before birth. Finally, the metaphysical framework is the extended version of dual-aspect monism (DAMv) that has the least number of problems compared to all other frameworks and hence it is better than the materialism that is currently dominant in science.
Highlights
The rich concentration of m itochond rial cytochrom e oxid ase (CO) blobs in the V1 pri m ate visual cortex has never been explained
The strict cou p ling betw een neu ronal activity and oxid ative energy metabolism is the basis for the use of CO as an end ogenous metabolic marker for neurons (Wong-Riley, 1989)
Althou gh vision science m akes p ractical d ifference betw een achrom atic and chrom atic vision, both are su bjective exp eriences are p rod u ced by m ixed visible color p hoton signals in the hu m an eye ranging from abou t 400 to 700 nm
Summary
The attribu tes of visible electrom agnetic p hotons, su ch as w avelength and intensity, are p hysics, bu t both exogenou s (stim u lu s/ light d ep end ent) and / or end ogenou s (su ch as p hosp henes) colors are su bjective exp eriences related to its attribu tes hu e, satu rat ion, and brightness (Vim al, Pokorny, & Sm ith, 1987). W e p resent som e im p lications abou t d istinction betw een the p hysics of visible p hotons/ light and its su bjective exp eriences since the latter is the m ental asp ect of color -related -neu ralnetw ork-state; its inseparable p hysical asp ect is the V4/ V8/ VO color-related -neu ral-netw ork and its activities. The m etap hysical fram ew ork is the extend ed version of d u al-asp ect m onism that has the least nu m ber of p roblem s This is called the DAMv fram ew ork: the Du al-Asp ect Monism w ith d u al-m od e and varying d egrees of the d om inance of asp ects d ep end ing on th e levels of entities, w here each entity has inseparable m ental and p hysical asp ects (Vim al, 2008, 2010a, 2012; Bru zzo & Vim al, 2007). This is better than the d om inant view , m aterialism , in science
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