Abstract
We consider several aspects of high-order harmonic generation in solids: the effects of elastic and inelastic scattering, varying pulse characteristics and inclusion of material-specific parameters through a realistic band structure. We reproduce many observed characteristics of high harmonic generation experiments in solids including the formation of only odd harmonics in inversion-symmetric materials, and the nonlinear formation of high harmonics with increasing field. We find that the harmonic spectra are fairly robust against elastic and inelastic scattering. Furthermore, we find that the pulse characteristics can play an important role in determining the harmonic spectra.
Highlights
The rapid development of time-resolved pump-probe experiments such as angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES)[1,2,3], optical reflectivity[4] and X-ray scattering[5,6] has expanded greatly the use of strong ultrashort laser pulses in the study of condensed matter systems
We find that the harmonic spectra are fairly robust against elastic and inelastic scattering
Harmonic generation from solids shows promise as a future tool as a tunable light source for further experiments
Summary
The rapid development of time-resolved pump-probe experiments such as angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES)[1,2,3], optical reflectivity[4] and X-ray scattering[5,6] has expanded greatly the use of strong ultrashort laser pulses in the study of condensed matter systems. The charged particles are accelerated in the field with a non-linear response due to the Bloch oscillations which occur when the field strength is large enough, as discussed in some detail by several authors.[9,10] This is fundamentally different from the single-atom picture, where the harmonics are generated by the stimulated ionization and recombination of an electron in the outer shell of an atom. As we will show, high-order harmonics can be generated solely via the acceleration of the conduction electrons by the field, and the Bragg scattering that occurs repeatedly in high field.[34] The end result is HHG of the fundamental frequency of the applied pump pulse This has been previously studied for non-interacting systems,[9,10,34] using the non-equilibrium Keldysh formalism, we can go beyond the semi-classical approach and consider the effects of elastic and inelastic scattering on the HHG spectra.
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