Abstract
Systematic efforts to create and study QCD matter beyond nuclear energy density have a history of almost 35 years, beginning with the BEVALAC at Berkeley, followed by the BNL-AGS and the CERN-SPS, and culminating presently at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at BNL. In the near future, even higher energies will be explored at the CERN-LHC, and large net baryon densities will be studied at RHIC and, later, at GSI-FAIR. The theoretical basis underpinning our efforts to describe the observations made in such experiments, quantum chromodynamics (QCD), is also 35 years old. This gauge theory of SU(3)-color describes the interactions among quarks and gluon by means of the Lagrangian
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