Abstract
ABSTRACTFlow structure in an open-channel bend exhibits two specific features: (1) secondary flow caused by the channel curvature; and (2) typical occurrence of the maximum velocity below the water surface, known as velocity-dip phenomenon. To explain these features, this paper proposes a coupled model that provides theoretical three-dimensional bend-flow solutions. Considering the transverse distributions of hydraulic parameters as non-uniform and influenced by the side-wall stresses, the complete secondary circulation is obtained theoretically. Using a modified log-wake law, the velocity-dip phenomenon is analysed and found to exist in both primary and secondary flows.
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