Abstract
Oral leukoplakia represents the most common oral potentially malignant disorder, so early diagnosis of leukoplakia is important. The aim of this study is to propose an effective texture analysis algorithm for oral leukoplakia diagnosis. Thirty-five patients affected by leukoplakia were included in this study. Intraoral photography of normal oral mucosa and leukoplakia were taken and processed for texture analysis. Two features of texture, run length matrix and co-occurrence matrix, were analyzed. Difference was checked by ANOVA. Factor analysis and classification by the artificial neural network were performed. Results revealed easy possible differentiation leukoplakia from normal mucosa (p < 0.05). Neural network discrimination shows full leukoplakia recognition (sensitivity 100%) and specificity 97%. This objective analysis in the neural network revealed that involving 3 textural features into optical analysis of the oral mucosa leads to proper diagnosis of leukoplakia. Application of texture analysis for leukoplakia is a promising diagnostic method.
Highlights
Oral leukoplakia represents the most common oral potentially malignant disorder [1]
Sambandham et al applied the ViziLite system in case of leukoplakia diagnosis. eir study shows that sensitivity and specificity of ViziLite is about 77.3% and 27.8%, respectively [13]
McIntosh et al revealed that the Microlux/DL system showed a sensitivity of 77.8% and a specificity of 70.7% in case of leukoplakia diagnosis [14]
Summary
Oral leukoplakia represents the most common oral potentially malignant disorder [1]. It is a white patch or plaque that cannot be characterized clinically or pathologically as any other disease. It is a classical definition of leukoplakia presented by the World Health Organization. Most important factors are alcohol, smoking cigarettes, poor oral hygiene, electrogalvanic currents, and spicy food irritating oral mucosa. Possibility of malignant transformation of leukoplakia is in the range between 0.2% and 5% [2]. Due to the risk of malignant transformation, it is important to take a proper diagnosis. Fluorescence or autofluorescence of lesions are used in some of the diagnostic systems, such as ViziLite , ViziLite PLUS,
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