Theoretical aspects of the increase in the efficiency of sowing grain crops in resource-saving technologies

Abstract

The paper presents theoretical studies of the aspects of increasing efficiency of sowing during the implementation of resource-saving technologies, which allow determining the speed of the seed at any time of its movement along the curvilinear section of the distributor and at the moment it leaves the surface of the distributor. The main factors influencing the distance and trajectory of the flight of seeds, taking into account the arch of the under-shoulder space, were identified. Graphical dependences of the flight distance of the seed on its speed when leaving the distributor surface, on the angle of the seed descent from the distributor and on the installation height of the seed distributor above the soil surface were plotted. The analysis of dependences allowed concluding that in order to obtain the greatest flight distance of seeds in the under-shoulder space, it is necessary to have the maximum installation height of the seed distributor and the speed of the seeds when leaving its surface. The angle of descent of seeds from the curved part of the distributor should tend to zero with the horizontal axis, subject to the condition of the absence of their impacts on the internal elements of a coulter. These graphic dependencies allow determining the numerical values of the specified parameters for blade coulters with different design characteristics.