Theoretical Aspects of Glass Manufacture

Abstract

AbstractLarge bulk of fundamental research has been conducted on glass during the last fifty years. Commercial glass belongs to the category of solids which are commonly known as super-cooled liquids where the liquid is converted into a solid for all practical purposes, although it still retains the irregular, unsymmetrical atomic configuration of the liquid stale. All glasses when maintained at a temperature just below their respective liquidus temperature for a sufficient length of time, suffer devitrification end thereby lose their glassy state. In inorganic glasses elements which can accommodate atoms of some other elements mithin the net work of their own atoms are called network formers e g. silicon. Those elements which serve to modify or weaken the network are known as network modifiers, such as B2 O3, P2O5 etc. Certain oxides, such as Al2O3, PbO etc., have been found to act both as network formers as well as modifiers. These are known as intermediates. Viscosity consideration of molten glass at v...