THEORETICAL APPROACHES TO THE SELECTION OF DETECTION METHODS OF EXPLOSIVE DEVICES IN ENVIRONMENTS THAT CONCEAL THEM, ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

Abstract

The results of the analysis of trends in the development of armed struggle indicate the ever-increasing role of the use of mine weapons. At the same time, there is a significant imbalance between the development of mine weapons and detection means, which in turn causes a number of problematic issues in demining. It is noted that due to the aggression of the russian federation, Ukraine has become the most mined country in the world. In addition to the problem of demining the contaminated territory with explosive objects, the issue of reconnaissance of the area for mines and making passages in enemy minefields has become acute.
 The paper analyzes the demining process, identifies the factors that influence it, and presents the main demasking factors of explosive objects, as well as the performance of terrain demining tasks. Taking into account these features, theoretical approaches to the detection and identification of explosive objects based on various physical principles are considered. An analysis of the use of the main methods of detection and identification of explosive objects is carried out, their advantages and disadvantages are determined.
 Based on the analysis of theoretical approaches, a generalized characterization of the main methods of detecting explosive objects is given. It is noted that, taking into account the experience of performing demining tasks in the war of the russian federation against Ukraine, the main methods of searching for explosive objects are contact, mechanized, induction, optical, thermal and in some cases biophysical. Today, the use of advanced explosive detection methods is limited by the need to solve technical problems to reduce the number of false signals. The paper notes that in order to increase the efficiency of the process of detecting explosive objects and ensure proper safety, it is advisable to combine detection methods, as well as combine them with remotely controlled (robotic) means, as well as UAVs.